Tutlayt Tazrfuṛtt
| Tutlayt Tazrfuṛtt | |
|---|---|
| proto-langue | |
| Typologie linguistique | langue isolée  |
Tutlayt Tazrfuṛatt (s tnglizt: Proto-Euphratean) tga yat tutlayt ittyawrdan tg tar asmil nna gan kra n yimassann n tiwcuṛin (man Samuel Noah Kramer) d tutlayt tasalant n uɣrf d yiwin tayrza s Lɛiraq n Yiẓẓlmḍ ɣ uzmz n Ubayd (5300–4700 d.talilt).
Zdin Igor Dyakonov d Vladislav Ardzinba tutlayt ad ittyawrdan d tdlsa n Samrra.[1]
Inna Benno Landsberger d kra n yimassann n tiwcuṛin yaḍnin is d zɣ uzzray i yismawn iwsumarn n twuriwin, ɣik ann d yismawn n yidawn d tguriwin n waman (hydronym); izḍar yan ad inna mas tt inn ikka yan uɣrf azayku ɣ wansa tt inn ikkan ar isawal yat tutlayt yaḍnin, lli bahra ittussann s Tzrfuratt. Tiguriwin n "umkraz d "umzil d "unjjaṛ", ɣik ann d "tiyni" ur d kkint iẓuarn iwsumarn nɣ d iwsamn.
Izzgzi Dyakonov d Ardzinba yat tguri yaḍnin ad tt igan d "tutlayin n lbanan" (banana languages), ad tn inniln d yat tmẓlit nna ṭṭafn yismawn uygidn nɣ d udmawann llanin ɣ tirra tiwsumar, ad tt igan d wallas n tfirt (zun d taguri tanglizt banana): Inana, Zababa, Cuwawa/Humbaba, Bunini, Pazuz, atg ar ttyafan ɣ tirra tiwsumar, takadin, tiwcuṛin d tbabilin. Timẓlit ad ar tettyafa ɣ yan mnnawt tutlayin is tar asmil man taminwant. Ittuɣal is ar tettili ɣ mnnaw yismawn n yinbbaḍn ihiksusn; mqqar gant twssitin n ihiksusn Tiwsamin Tiknɛanin, kra ɣ yismawn nnsn, zun d Banon, Apophis, atg, ur d kkin aẓar awsam. [2]
Yut Rubio ɣ turda n tsabstratumt, issnẓu mas llan wanẓatn mmlanin is illa urṭṭal zɣ uggʷar n yat tutlayt. Tiẓrit ad ad bahra innfsrn ɣ yigr (Piotr Michalowski, Gerd Steiner, atg.).
Illa yan uzzgzi d ikkan dar Gordou Whittaker [3] ad t igan d mas d tutlayt n yiḍrisn imzrsklatn zɣ Uzmz n Uṛuk Amggaru tga tutlayt tinduṛufant mu iga s yism "Tafuṛatt", mqqar ur innil umata n yimassann tiẓrit ad.
Isaɣuln
[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]- ↑ История древнего Востока, т.2. М. 1988. (in Russian: History of Ancient Orient, Vol. 2. Moscow 1988. Published by the Soviet Academy of Science), chapter III.
- ↑ История древнего Востока, т.2. М. 1988. (in Russian: History of Ancient Orient, Vol. 2. Moscow 1988. Published by the Soviet Academy of Science), p. 229.
- ↑ Whittaker, Gordon (2008). "The Case for Euphratic" (PDF). Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences. 2 (3). Tbilisi: 156–168. Retrieved 11 December 2012.