Ifḍ n waḍan d yan yiḍ

œuvre littéraire
Nom vocalisé	أَلْفُ لَيْلَةٍ وَلَيْلَة
Azwl	bakainé des iles tropicales
Amgay	valeur inconnue
Pays d'origine	Proche-Orient
Langue de l'œuvre, du nom ou du terme	taɛrabt
Statut des droits d'auteur	domaine public, domaine public
Ar issmras	Mise en abyme

Ifḍ n waḍan d yan dyiḍ (s taɛrabt: أَلْفُ لَيْلَةٍ وَلَيْلَةٌ)^[1] iga yan ugraw n umiyn n tmizar n ugmmuḍ anammas, imun s taɛrabt ɣ uzmz awraɣ n lislam.^[2]

Tawuri ad tettyawgra ɣ mnnawt tmaḍt n isggʷasn sɣ dar mnnaw imaran d imssuɣal d imassann ɣ wasya n utaram d wasya tanammast d wasya n iffus, d Tfriqt n ugafa. Kra n umiyn utn s iẓuran nnsn ɣ tsklatin tiqburin n taɛrabt d tsanskrit d tfarsit d tutlayin n ugrsif.^[3] Macc taggat n taddminin ar d hlli ttiwrri s tizi n iɛbbasiyn d imamlukiyn, imma tiyyaḍ, kigan gisnt, slawan taddmint n usati, irwas is ttḍint sɣ udlis afarsi afahlabi *Hezār Afsān* (s tafarsit: *هزار افسان*, s unamk: 'ifḍ n umiyn), iml is d s ixf nnsn ur gin amr tissuɣal sɣ kra n iḍrisn iqburn uggar n tmazirt n Lhnd.^[4]

Tiffaɣ akkʷ n *ifḍ n waḍan* llant s ugʷri f tallast n yan ugllid mi ismn Cahryar da ittyalasn sɣ dar taldni nns Cahrazad, s yat tmyurt n yat tnfust ɣ kra igan dyiḍ. Umiyn yaḍnin nɣln sɣ umiy ad amzwaru, kra gisn ttln s umiyn yaḍnin, ur d zun d wiyyaḍ da ganin isimann. Kra n umiyn gisn, ur umin amr kra n waḍan drusnin, wiyyaḍ daɣ llan gisn 1001 niɣ d akkʷ uggar. Agzzum imqqurn n uḍris illa s tariwant, mqqar llan kra n ifrradiyn mrsn i izlan d tnfusin niɣ ad ssmnidn kra n usyafa imsadn.

Kra n umiyn myarn ad zdin d *ifḍ n waḍan d yan dyiḍ*—zun d "Ɛaladin d usafu aḍlmaṣ" d "Baba Ɛli d kkuẓ tmrawin n imakrn"— waxxa ɣikann, ur akkʷ llin ɣ uḍris amzwaru da ittyaran s taɛrabt, macc irna tn umssuɣl afransis Antoine Galland kiɣ asn islla dar yan umara asuri Hanna Diyab ɣ wakud n urzaf nns s Bariz.^[5]^[6]^[7] umiyn yaḍnin, zun d "Sa n imuddutn n Sinbad amẓilel, kkan tt inn llan laɣs nttni ur ta ttyafasn ɣ tgrawt.

Asgzl

Umiy ursil ar isawal f Cahryar da mi iɣra umara s "ugllid asasani" issugrn ɣ tmizar n "Lhnd d ccinwa".^[8] Cahryar ibhḍ lliɣ t lkmn inɣmissn is d tamɣart n gʷmas tknd argaz nns. Yaf d zaɣ d nttan mas d taldni nns tskr ma yutin ɣmkann ɣ tsaflit, ukan inɣ tt. S taṛẓugi nns d tguḍi nns, inna d ugayyu nns is d timɣarin akkʷ gant zun d zun d. Issnti ilmma Cahrayr ad itahl ɣar tigṣmaḍin yat s yat, inɣ tnt askka n tmɣra, ur ta ufint tamlda ad as kksnt addur.

Ar yan wass, anmmasu (luzir) da f illa ad isiggil tigṣmaḍin iggammi ad sul yaf kra n yat . Cahrazad igan illis, tini as is tumml ad tg nttat taslit n dyiḍ d yuckan d tammara a s as imurwa babas. Ɣ dyiḍ n tmɣra nnsn, tssnti Chrazad ad tals i ugllid yat taddmint, macc ur as tt tsmid. Agllid yaɣ t uwnaf ad issn manik s iggʷra umiy, isɣi as mayann ad ismaṭl tinɣi nns ard islla i umddaw n tallast. Ɣ dyiḍ d imaln, ad ukan tsmd ɣ yat tnfust, tzri s wallas i tayyaḍ d ugllid illa fllas daɣ ad issaggm tigira nns dɣ nttat. Ikka mayad ifḍ n waḍan d yan dyiḍ, d ɣmkad a s ila umiy ism nns.

Umiyn ad nzarayn bahra: llant gisn tnfusin n umzruy d tin tayri d tin tguḍi d taṭṣa, ilint daɣ tmdyazin d tirudnt izurn d yan wanaw n uris. Ggutn umiyn da d lddinin imnḍṛn d idakaln d iɣʷẓnan d mddn wan iddwn d iqddacn d id bu iskkirn d idɣarn unfisn da mrksnin d kra n mddn d tmizar llanin nit, ur ar bdda ittili ugʷri ɣ tnfusin ad. Iwrikn d ttyawldaynin zun d agllid aɛbbasi Harun Rracid d luzir nns imqqurn, Jɛfar al-Barmaki, d umdyaz ittyawssann Abu Nuwas, mqqar ddrn mddn ad kra n 200 n isggʷasn sɣ tḍuṛi n tgldit Tasasanit ɣ ittyawstay uzmz n umiy ursil n Chrazad. Kra n tikkal yaḍnin yan sɣ iwrikn ɣ ugns n ɣaylli mi tuls Chrazad rad issnti dɣ nttan ad yals i wiyyaḍ yan umiy igan wins, ɣmkann rad ifk yan ukfaf iggrgsn n wallas.

Tiffaɣ nzaraynt, ɣ iṣlaḍ zwar, ula nit ɣ tigira (ɣ kra n wid ittyawnna is d cahrazad rad tettr assurf, ɣ kra yaḍnin lliɣ rad iẓṛ ugllid tarwa nnsn rad iskr bnnaqs d ur rad akkʷ sul inɣ tamɣart ann, ɣ kra yaḍnin rad inin is akkʷ ittu ugllid, isala tiɣawsiwin yaḍnin), macc kullu tnt rad fḍḍun s yan ulfaɣ n ugllid i cahrazad, issurf as, ixxas ad tddr.

Amzruy

Ibdarn imzwura n Ifḍ n waḍan d yan dyiḍ ar d ttiwrrin s yan ussuɣl aɛrab n yan udlis Afarsi, Hezār Afsān (ittyawssann daɣ s *Afsaneh* niɣ d *Afsana*), s unamk n wafḍan n umiyn. Ɣ tmiḍi tis mrawt, Ibn al-Nadim ismun yat tlgamt n idlisn (ism as "Fihrist") ɣ Bɣdad. Izmmem mas d igllidn isasaniyn n Iṛan ḥmln umiyn d tnfusin n dyiḍ.[31] Al-Nadim yura ilmma d inn f *Hezār Afsān* afarsi, isawl gis f umiy ursil da issmrs ad t igan d yan ugllid igan anffad n idammn d ar inqqa tislatin nns yat s yat ḍaṛat yiḍ n tmɣra. Tigira, yat gisnt tcṛmḍ, tufa sul manmk ad tnnuṛẓm i tmttant s wallas n yan umiy ɣ kra iga tt iḍ, tfl kra iga tt umiy ur imdi ar dyiḍ d yuckan afad ad ismaṭl ugllid tinɣi nns.^[9]

Macc, ɣiklli inna al-Nadim, adlis ann llan gis 200 n umiyn hlli. Iskr tamawct i tɣarast d tcwi tasklant da s ittyara msmun ann, izlm t is iɣʷẓan mas iga yan udlis asfsawi d wallas nns iga war anḍggʷig".^[10] Dɣ tasut ann nit Al-Masudi ibdr d daɣ *Hezār Afsān*, inna is d assuɣl nns aɛrab *Alf Xurafa* ('Ifḍ n umiyn') ad t igan, macc ittyawssan bahra s *Alf Layla* ('ifḍ n waḍan'). Ibdr iwrikn n umiy zun d Shirāzd (Cihrazad) d Dināzād.^[11]

Tuffuɣt Turubit tamzwarut (1704–1717) taɣul s ufus n tfransist Antoine Galland^[12] sɣ yan uḍṛiṣ Aɛrab n tanaḍt tasuriyant d isugam yaḍnin. Tawuri ad n 12 n idlisn,^[12] ɣ llan ifḍ n waḍan d yan dyiḍ, umiyn aɛrabn aɣulnin s Tfransist*, uman kra n umiyn nɣubanin ɣ uḍris aɛrab amzwaru. "Tanfust n "Usafu n Iɛladdin", d tin "Baba Ɛli d kkuẓ mraw imakrn" (ɣmklli llant mnnawt umiyn yaḍnin ur bahra ttyawssanin) nfalalnt zwar ɣ ussuɣl n Galland d ur ttyafant ɣ iḍṛisn imzwura. Yura is asn islla sɣ dar uṛmmuy Amaruni Ḥanna Dyab lliɣ irzf Bariz. Tiffɣt n Galland n *ifḍ n waḍan* tnṣḍ bahra ɣ Urubba akkʷ, d umiyn ggʷranin ffuɣn sɣ dar umẓṛig n Galland s yism n Galland bla ajjay nns (yujja t).

Tumayt

Arratn n uggus asuryan dran yan uɣʷrmi n umiyn:

• Agllid Cahriar d gʷmas Agllid Cah Zaman (tallast tursilt)

• Aɣʷyul d uzgr d unkʷfas

• Asbbab d umnḍṛ

• Amɣar d tẓʷnkaḍt

• Kraḍ aytmatn

• Amɣar d usrdun

• Angmar d umnḍṛ

• Agllid Yunan d umajjul Ruyan

• Agllid Sindibad d ufalku

• Agldun d taɣʷẓnt

• Tactalin (tifrxin) d ibbanḍiyn

• Tanfust n ubbanḍi amzwaru

• Tanfust n ubbanḍi wis sin

• Tanfust n ubbanḍi wis kraḍ

• Tanfust n tfruxt tamzwarut

• Tanfust n tfruxt tis snat

• Krad n tidffuyin

• Luzir Nurddin d gʷmas Xamsddin

• Amknanu d imgni d uday d bu unwal d uṛmmuy

• Umiy n uṛmmuy

• Umiy n bu unwal

• Umiy n uday

• Umiy n imgni

• Umiy n uḥjjam

• Tanfust n gʷmas izwurn

• Tanfust n gʷmas wis sin

• Tanfust n gʷmas wis krad

• Tanfust n gʷmas wis kkuẓ

• Tanfust n gʷmas wis smmus

• Tanfust n gʷmas wis ṣḍiṣ

• Anís Aljalís d sin id luzir

• Umiy n Ɛli bn Bkkar d Xamsannahar

Sɣ ngr umiyn yadnin lli ttyafasnin ɣ talɣa Tamiṣrit, illa:

• Umiy n Ugllid Ɛmar Annuman d tarwa nns, Xarkan d Dawalmakan

• *Umiy n ugllid d yus d tmggant d sa id luzir*

• Tiɣrmt n Aram

• Ayyis n ubnus

• Umiy n Ɛbdllah Bn Fadl, amnbaḍ n Bṣṛa, d aytmas

• Umiy n Qamar Zzaman, iwis n Ugllid Cahraman

Ẓṛ sul

• Kitab Cclḥa (Adlis n Tclḥit)

Tisuɣal

↑ Marzolph, Ulrich (2007). "Arabian Nights". In Kate Fleet; Gudrun Krämer; Denis Matringe; John Nawas; Everett Rowson (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). doi:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_0021. Arabian Nights, the work known in Arabic as Alf layla wa-layla
↑ See illustration of title page of Grub St Edition in Yamanaka and Nishio (p. 225)
↑ Ben Pestell; Pietra Palazzolo; Leon Burnett, eds. (2016). Translating Myth. Routledge. p. 87. ISBN 978-1-134-86256-6.
↑ Marzolph (2007), "Arabian Nights", Encyclopaedia of Islam, vol. I, Leiden: Brill.
↑ John Payne, Alaeddin and the Enchanted Lamp and Other Stories, (London 1901) gives details of Galland's encounter with 'Hanna' in 1709 and of the discovery in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris of two Arabic manuscripts containing Aladdin and two more of the added tales. Text of "Alaeddin and the enchanted lamp"
↑ Horta, Paulo Lemos (2017-01-16). Marvellous Thieves. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-97377-0.
↑ Doyle, Laura (2020-11-02). Inter-imperiality: Vying Empires, Gendered Labor, and the Literary Arts of Alliance. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-1-4780-1261-0.
↑ The Arabian Nights, translated by Malcolm C. Lyons and Ursula Lyons (Penguin Classics, 2008), vol. 1, p. 1
↑ Pinault p. 4
↑ Irwin 2004, pp. 49–50.
↑ Irwin 2004, p. 49.
↑ ^12,0 et ^12,1 Goeje, Michael Jan de (1911). "Thousand and One Nights" . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 883.

[1] Marzolph, Ulrich (2007). "Arabian Nights". In Kate Fleet; Gudrun Krämer; Denis Matringe; John Nawas; Everett Rowson (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). doi:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_0021. Arabian Nights, the work known in Arabic as Alf layla wa-layla

[2] See illustration of title page of Grub St Edition in Yamanaka and Nishio (p. 225)

[3] Ben Pestell; Pietra Palazzolo; Leon Burnett, eds. (2016). Translating Myth. Routledge. p. 87. ISBN 978-1-134-86256-6.

[4] Marzolph (2007), "Arabian Nights", Encyclopaedia of Islam, vol. I, Leiden: Brill.

[5] John Payne, Alaeddin and the Enchanted Lamp and Other Stories, (London 1901) gives details of Galland's encounter with 'Hanna' in 1709 and of the discovery in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris of two Arabic manuscripts containing Aladdin and two more of the added tales. Text of "Alaeddin and the enchanted lamp"

[6] Horta, Paulo Lemos (2017-01-16). Marvellous Thieves. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-97377-0.

[7] Doyle, Laura (2020-11-02). Inter-imperiality: Vying Empires, Gendered Labor, and the Literary Arts of Alliance. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-1-4780-1261-0.

[8] The Arabian Nights, translated by Malcolm C. Lyons and Ursula Lyons (Penguin Classics, 2008), vol. 1, p. 1

[9] Pinault p. 4

[10] Irwin 2004, pp. 49–50.

[11] Irwin 2004, p. 49.

[:0-12] 12,0 et ^12,1 Goeje, Michael Jan de (1911). "Thousand and One Nights" . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 883.

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