Kuruw

Kuruw nɣd Kuruf iga yan usun ɣ unẓul n Bulanda, illa ɣ iggi n wasif n Kurufka, ilkm wuṭṭun n imzdaɣn nns ɣ usggʷas uggar n 2811 n ufgan. Yumẓ usun ad azrf bac ad ig tamdint ula iɣrm amaddud gr isggʷasn n 1442 d 1431.

Tadamza N Krow

Tamdint a tga yan ubaraz n tsbbabt n tɣawsiwin n tirmt lli ittyuskarn ɣ igmmaḍn lli as yaẓn, ilin gis luzinat da iskarn ilmawn ɣd nttni.

Imikk n umzruy

Ɣ ~~tusut~~ n isggʷasn n sḍis id mraw tmun gis yat tnsmunt takalifiniy tamasḥiyt ɣayann ad d yiwin aylliɣ gis zdɣn willi mi zwarnin "aytmatn n ibulandiyn".

Zɣ usggʷas 1660, ar nttini i yimzdaɣn n tmdint ad "Aryaniyn" lli d yuckan zɣ yism n "Aryus" lli igan yan waggag amasiḥi. Aggag ikka tt inn ɣ Misra ɣ tmdint n Iskandariya.

Ɣ usggʷas n 1670, yut ṭṭaɛun tamdint, tkks atig i tmdint, tskr gis ɣar "aḍwwaṛ". Imun ilmma umzruy nns d win d igmmaḍn yadinin dis mḥadanin. ɣ usggʷas n 1795 lliɣ tbḍa Bulunya twala Namsa. Amma ɣ 1809 tmun d Farsofya tg ilmma sɣ tgldit n Bulunya zɣ usggʷas n 1815.

Ɣ Brayr 1870, ttuykkasn as izrfan n tmdint turri tga aḍwwaṛ, mac ɣ 1918 tkcm d Bulunya.

ɣ umnɣi amaḍlan wis sin, ass n 9 cutambir, tḍer tmdint tg ixrban, ur d gis yagur ḥtta ssibtar. Asggʷas 1942 tskr gis almanya lḥabs (getto) macc inkraf rad rwln iẓḍiṛn ad lkmn imḥarkan yadnin ɣ idrarn d taganin aẓnin.

Tamallayt

Ɣ tɣmrt n tammallayt, tamdint ad dars timzgida n irumiyn li mi smaynutn tiwuriwinn ɣ usggʷas 1692, d ismḍal n tawja n Zbąski.

Isaɣuln