Sigmund Fruyd
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iga sigmun fruyt yan sg imassann n iman d tflsaft nna bahra ittawssann g umzruy ,ig awd sg winna issnfln amaḍal s iswingimn nns , ar ttinin imzmmimn n umzruy n iswingimn masd fruyd d daṛwin d tinawt nns xf ubuɣlu d kubbirnik gan willi ssnflnin aswingm n ufgan ssnfln awd tannayin nna ittggan afna i iman nns ɣ iga umaḍal abṛṛan nɣd amaḍal agʷnsan nɣd animan n ufgan.
ttussan tinawt n fruyd i iman n tfganit masd tugtt n imukrisn nna ittilin dar ufgan s umata ar as ttsrag taggayt ,ar ittini masd aɣiluf animan tlla ḍaṛt nns yat tmukrist nna izdin d taggayt mqqar akk° yaggug umukris nna dars illan f ma ann.
yalul fruyd asggʷas n 1856 g tɣrmt n frib g nnamsa agʷns n yat twja tga sg udayn imzwag sg ugama , ikka tt inn babas iga yan usbbab n taḍuṭṭ kkn tt inn dars sin icaran acku ikka tt inn adlli g mad izrin yiwl ,fruyd dars 07 n aytmatn mac ar bdda ittini mas iga wad akk° iḥlan sg dar mas, ittussan sg yan ukud yaggugn masd iwdan nna iɣaln mas ufn wiyyaḍ g tannayt n id matsn ar tssnfal tannayt ann nnsn xf tudrt nnsn s umata d tmamkt nna sa ttannayn amaḍal , ma ann ad as n ittsragn i yan umurs nna g ur tlli turda , fruyd ikka tt inn iga yan wazzan nna iḥṛcn slawan akk° lliɣ tt inn ikka iga amzwaru lliɣ iga anafuɣ , lliɣ dars 17 n usggʷas ikcm s tinml n tsgnaft nnaɣ ikka 08 isggʷasn afad ad ismd taɣuṛi nns nna ittkkan 05 ar 06 n isggʷasn , acku ikka tt inn isala tugtt n tɣawsiwin yadn g bṛṛa n tuzlayt n usgnf , slawan akk° mas tt inn ikka fruyd ur akk° iri ad ig amsgnaf , mac ar ittannay masd taɣuṛi g igr n usgnf nttat ad igan taɣarast mas ittssn d masa inggḍ g urzzu amassan.
lliɣ llan 26 n usggʷas dar fruyd tḍṛ as tayri nns xf yat trbat nna igan s wassaɣ maṛta barinz ,lliɣ tt issn s yan sin yirn ittr tt nit, ikka tt inn iga yan umzraw amẓlud iddr ukan sul d imarawn nns , lliɣ zrin kkuz isggʷasn n usaggʷm yiwl fruyd d barinz g usggʷas n 1886 skrn ilmma sḍiṣ icaran.
tssnta tinml n usfsi animan sg dar umassan ad anmsawi nna tt inn ikkan iga amsgnaf n tmuḍan n iman , slawan akk° lliɣ iga yan ungzam n malxf d tmamkt n usgnf d usijji nns s yat tɣarast tasgnaft.
lliɣ izri imnɣi amaḍlan wiss sin ar ttannayn iwdan mas iga fruyd walli isnunfn iman n ufgan nna mu iga nttan s wassaɣ anlli agʷnsan issirwist mas iga yan wanu idran nna iktarn s isyafatn d tk°ttay , ɣiklli s isnunf addad n ḍaṛat n usyafa , iskr yat tɣarast n usfsi animan , dars tugtt n tinawin nna izdin d tuẓlayt n unlli anfgan.
lliɣ akk° zrin 70 n usggʷas xf tmttant nns suln ukan sul tugtt n iwdan ar jijjin s tɣarast nns nna igan ajijji animan , taɣawsa nna ikkan f usfsi n fruyd iga t aylli igan abyuluji , ar ittini masd arba nna d bḥra ilaln ar dars ttilint kra n tfras n taggayt imunn d tɣwwaɣt iga as s wassaɣ llibidu nna igan yan wanaw n tarna. tarna ad dars yat tazdayt n imnɣi d wamun ,tifras n iwdan ar ttnfal d ar ttuska sg wanaw n unuḥyu ann.
ar ittini fruyd masd tarna nna d ittlaln d ufgan ar tzzgar g tugtt n tsurifin g tudrt nns , mk lli iga ubuɣlu abyuluji walli isittin afgan sg tikli s tayyaḍ. mac anaw n waddadn nnaɣ izzray nttat ad immalan tasikulujit n tsurifin ad , iga fruyd yan umassan nna immalan i wiyyad tamamkt n ujijji d usgnf s tɣarast n wawal yan umassan ittawssann g tugtt n tsggiwin n umaḍal.
tawwuri nns ur tt isbdd ɣas g mad izlin s usgnf d ujijji animan ,mac izri t s igr n tzuṛi d tskla slawan akk° masd inuẓar nna skrnin tugtt n tẓṛigin d tflwin tiẓuṛanin n ik°lan d islmadn n tinmal d tsdawitin d isgnafn lmdn gis tugtt n tɣawsiwin nna iṛẓmn anlli nnɣ af ad ad nrms anlli agʷnsan n ufgan.
lliɣ izzri 47 n usggʷas g tudrt nns g tɣrmt n fyinna asggʷas n 1938 akud ann dars 82 n usggʷas izug s bṛiṭanya lliɣ jdrn inazitn tugtt n idlisn g tɣrmt n nurnburg.
tiwi tmttant fruyd g usggʷas n 1939 mac tinawin nns d tɣarast nns n uswingm uzzrnt akk° g umaḍal slawan akk° g tmtta imunn n marikan d bṛiṭanya d fṛanṣa,mac asfsi animan igʷdl g dar isufyatiyyn d tugtt n tmuṛa nna g ur tlli tdimuqṛaṭiṭ.
ikka tt inn fruyd dars tugtt n imukrisn inimann ma ann af bahra ikmmi ar ittnawal ula amsduhdu n lkukayyin g yan uzmz g tudrt nns af ad ad srs issidrus tamaḍunt nna dars illan ,mqqar issn masd akmay n 20 n tbaɣa g wass izḍaṛ ad isnnukmu ul nns d rad as isrg g tmaḍunt n uxnzir ,mqqar bdda ittarm ad ibbi tabaɣa mac ar srs ittaɣul kra n tikkal ,inna masd ur iɣi ad iswwuri bla ikmmi tabaɣa.
lliɣ tzri yat tizi tlla gis tmaḍunt n uxnzir kksn as ilmma agja gn as nn yan yaḍn amguray mac mqqar mk ann ur ibbi tabaɣa, iskr yan unaẓaṛ i tmttant slawan akk° lliɣ inna « ur rad bbiɣ akmay kra ikka imi inu iɣi ad yasi tabaɣa » lliɣ tzri yat tizi tkka akk° tmaḍunt ann imi nns ma ann ad isrgn g tmttant nns, lliɣ immut dars 83 n usggʷas.