Ifrdisn n Uklid
|
Ifrdisn n Uklid | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Aẓur | |
Amskar | Euclide |
Asggwas n usnflul | lqern wis 3 BCE |
Azwl aẓaran | Στοιχεῖα |
Characteristics | |
Tawsit | traité |
Tutlayt | grec ancien |
| |
Taluft tagjdant | géométrie euclidienne d tusnakt |
Ifrdisn (s tgrikit tazaykut: Στοιχεία / ṣṭuyxiya) gan yan uzraw amusnak d unzggan, yumyn 13 n udlis ittusnmalan f isntal, ahat (ɛniɣ is d) amusnak agriki uklidis ad tn yaran ɣ wattayn n 300 dat n ɛ. yumy yat tgrumma n isnmal, igjda, iskkudn d isɣẓann nnsn, ig usntl nnsn tanzggit tuklidt d tẓṛi n imḍann imnza.
Ifrdisn ad igan amdya ittwassn akkʷ iqbrn n yan uzraw agjdan d ungraw i tnzggit ig yiḍiṣ nns f ubuɣlu n tmẓla d tussna tutrimt adslan. Nẓḍaṛ ad nini mas iga ammud issn amurs akkʷ ixatrn ɣ umzruy : gan ifrdisn yan zɣ idlisn izwarn s uẓṛag (Venise, 1482) ur t yugir ɣar linjil ɣ wuṭṭun n tẓṛigin ittufsarn (uggar n 1000). Tasutin ayad, iga zɣ tɣarasin tisdawanin ganin tinawayin.
Tettuga i udlis amzwaru n ifrdisn n uklid tsuɣlt s tutlayt tamaziɣt tanawayt s yigi n uslmad n tusnakt Muḥmmad Blɣazali (Mohamed Belarhzali).
Imnzay[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
Tska tbridt n uklid tiwuriwin nns f isnmal, "tuttriwin" (tindagin), "iwngimn umyirn" (igjda) d isumar (imukrisn ttufsaynin, ganin 470 ɣ uɣrud ɣ idlisn s 13). s umdya, yumy udlis 1 35 n isnmal (tiqiffit, azririg, tajumma, atg.) smmus n iwngimn issarn.
Tindagin n udlis 1 :
- Yan ugzzum zɣ umaɣud iẓḍaṛ ad ittusunɣ s uzday n snat tqiffa aynna s rant gnt tt.
- Yan ugzzum zɣ umaɣud iẓḍaṛ ad ittusɣzif s war timdi ɣ yan uzririg iɣdn.
- Iɣ ittufka yan ugzzum n yan umaɣud aynna s ira ig t, ad niɣiy ad nssunɣ yat tẓayṛt ng as agzzum ad d aẓnẓaṛ (aqqar) ng as yat zɣ tlisa d ammas.
- Aksulnt akkʷ tɣmrin timaɣudin.
- Iɣ ibby yan umaɣud sin imaɣudn yaḍn skrn snat tɣmrin tignsanin illan f yat tsga mẓẓiynt f snat tɣmrin timaɣudin, hat qad myabayn imaɣudn ad ɣ tsga ad.
Iwngimn issarn n udlis 1 :
- Da ttmmgdunt snat tɣawsiwin gdanin akkʷ yat tɣawsa yaḍn.
- Iɣ nrna sin id wanck mmgdanin i sin id wanck mmgdanin awd nitni, rad aɣ nn fkn sin id wanck immgdan ɣ tmrniwt.
- Iɣ nkks sin id wanck mmgdanin i sin id wanck mmgdanin awd nitni, rad aɣ nn fkn sin id wanck immgdan ɣ umzaray.
- Id wanck imsasan grasn, da ttmgdan.
Isaɣuln[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
- Zɣ aylli ittyuran ɣ Wikipidya n Tamaziɣt tanawayt tamɣribit