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Urarn n Ayt Baha n udrar

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Ila Aṭlas mẓẓiyn yat tmlilt isugrn s usrag n wansa nns astratiji lli ɣ illa g ṭuẓumt n tmazirt n Lmɣrib, gn idrarn nns ula nttni yan ɣ iqburn lli llanin ɣ isggʷasn zrinin lliɣ ta ur illi ufgan ɣ tudrt ad, ittawssan waṭlaṣ amẓyan s ubuɣlu n isugam nns igamann, aylli ittajjan aṭlaṣ amẓyan ad yili f isugar ikmamn d flnt tgrawin tinfganin isyafun g igran nns, ig wasif n drɛa d wasif n sus yan ɣ isaffn ɣzifnin ɣ udɣar ad gn ma yusin tudrt n imzdaɣn isgadda asn taɣarast n tirmt nnsn d usrtu n tudrt lli ɣ ad ilin, ilint gis tugt n trgiwin llanin ɣ iggi n isaffn lli isutln i waṭlaṣ ad amẓyan ar d gis ttamẓn aman n tissi d waman n tfllaḥt, gn isaffn ad d wiyyaḍ yat ɣ tmntal lli yujjan afgan ad yut s iẓuṛan nns isti ad iskkus ɣ udrar ad issnti gis tudrt nns d iklu gis taɣrma nns d tmyurin nns.

G umzwaru n usugar ad ikmamn ar nttafa ansiwn n tẓuṛi f uẓṛu s wanawn nns ɣ waṭlaṣ amẓyan s isntal d imamkn gis illan, ismmẓlin idrarn n udɣar ad f wansiwn yaḍnin n tẓuri g tmazirt nnɣ, yili g waṭlaṣ amẓyan tugt n wayda lli d flnt tugt n tɣrmiwin lli zrinin g umzruy n udɣar ad lli ɣ d flnt tugt n tmyurin d tusna ɣ tugt n igran, d aylli d ifl wamun n ufgan n isnfluln d twssniwin d tinnawin d waḍadn d tmyar d iskkirn d wanawn n tudrt d imassn n unyilkm, s wanli d wul nns d win igrawn nns x ddawa n udriz n umras lli g illa ufgan ad.

Tga Ayt Baha udrar yat tɣrmt lli illan ɣ waṭlaṣ amẓyan ɣ tsga taẓlmaḍt nns, lliɣ ittawssan s idrarn lli yusin tugt n tmyurin d taysi tamaziɣt isggʷasn f wiyyaḍ zun d timlsa lli sis iẓlin d ujmak d tmdyazin d tullisin lli ttalsn imqrann i yimẓyann ɣ kraygat iḍ, Ayt Baha n udrar ttawssan s imdyazn nns d urarn lli ittmunan d twuri nnsn ɣ tyrza nɣ iɣ ar mmgrn …, urarn is akkʷ gisn ingḍ ufgan ɣ tasga ad acku ɣinn aɣ ar issa iman nns yall gis tudrt nns, ig urar yat ɣ tmyurin lli d ifl afgan aqbur i tarwa nns.

Tamdyazt tamiwant

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Tamdyazt dar imaziɣn zikk tga yan uskkin awassan da imunn d twuriwin, timyurin, imnɣan… tg yat tmdyazt yusin tifras n isntal n wamun amaziɣ azayku. G Ayt Baha udrar, tawtmt ad iṭṭafn, tmmnɣ f waray n tdlsa d tmdyazt tamiwant s umata uggar n urgaz. G tugtt nns, tamdyazt tamiwant tga tunzilt, tg talli d ikkan ul. Mac, walli ur issinn tamdyazt tamaziɣt rad iɣal is tt iffɣ[1].

Urar d tzrart

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Urar g Ayt Baha udrar urarn gant tn tiwan s ar ttirirnt tmɣarin g uḥwayc s wanawn nns. g tugtt nnsn ar ttggan snat n tiwan, ku adras n uḥwayc ar ittini yat tiwnt, inna d udras ann yaḍn yat. aẓaṛ n tguri “urar” izdi d umyag “rar”, yat sg tfras s tettwassn tdyazt tamaziɣt d amsawal d umrara gr tmaririn d imarirn. mk lli iml taguri ad, ad d tkk amyag “irir”, “ar ttirir”, ayad iska f mnnaw wanẓatn, yan sigsn asḍun n tmdyazt tamaziḍt d yirir. aflla n wawal taguri n “urar” tsmun akkʷ iẓuṛan ad nbdr. llant kra n tfras ismmẓlayn anaw n wurarn f wanawn yaḍnin n tmdyazt (arzzu n umasṭr f usnṭl, tanggift n ibudrarn tamyadast tamatayt n tlḍiwin d trira, mass Ṭayib Lfaqqir)[2].

Anawn n urarn

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Urarn n ujmak

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Ajmak iga yan wanaw n urarn lli skarn irgazn ɣ imusutn n tumrt zun d tamɣra nɣ kran tfugla yaḍn, ɣinn aɣ ar ttmunan gn yan n tiwan kra gisn ar ittasi tallunt kra gisn uhu izḍaṛ ad ikkat rcc , yilli yan ar asn immal urar lli rad tinin d tɣarast n unuccg lli rad skrn ar as tinin s wassaɣ aslway n ujmak, llan tugt n urarn lli sar tjmakn ɣ ugwns n umnzu ad zun d:

Amṣawaḍ ad n ujmak illa gr sin; walli izwarn iga s yism Ḥmad Ḥntaja d wiss sin iga Ḥmad Aɣidda lli f ar sawln f uggrn.

ḥntjja :

  • llan irgazn ɣ ɣid lli ttannayt
  • llan irgazn ɣ iggi wakal nnk
  • willi d yiwin aggʷrn ar tama nnk
  • is a ka ttannayn ṛbbi ɣ lmslt nnk
  • walaynni yutk rbbi s inafaln
  • tili tɣuyyit ɣ mddn tns tifawt
  • iliḥ ak sul lbab lli kʷn iṭṭayn
  • ilin akkʷ ɣinn iṣṛaḍ imi n tiwutc
  • inna d umɣar i wḍidda sin s lxnct

aɣidda :

  • ssuq aɣ t id nssaɣ iɣ aɣ ikmml
  • ur akkʷ nẓḍaṛ i ssrbis n tukkimt
  • amma kiyy mqqar radd ṛẓin inxar nnk
  • ur ak itthul umud ur a tturruyt
  • irattn tḍit acku ɣwann a tmyart
  • labudd ad ak d imikk ḍ lxnct

ḥntjja :

  • irabbi is ak iffɣ lhmm ixsan nnk
  • alliɣ aɣ tnnit aggʷrn nnk flɣ ak t
  • awanna ur ixaliḍn tinit as t
  • amma nikk hann lblad aɣ a ttswaqqɣ
  • hann nlkmk bdda s uɣaras tiwittn
  • iɣ awa trit amud ukan tinittn
  • addaḍ nskr s lḥsab nnun ɣ lxnct
  • amma tin lɛid n rmḍan ur k usint

aḍidda :

  • irabbi iḍ ḍinna amud inu fl yi tn
  • ssnɣ is darun tmḍaṛa tmaxirt
  • ṭllit ɣ lbaraj ur a ttkyyalt
  • hann argaz lkdub ur a tn ittiniy ṭikiwt
  • ad ak d iḍi wakal nnk aḥḥlb at s uɣu lli gis iɣ urunt

Ɣid yan wanaw yaḍn n umṣawaḍ n urar gr sin imḍarn mqurnin ɣ Ayt Baha n udrar n ujmak, mass ḥmad aɣida d mass ḥmad ric, sawln ɣid f tnzruft :

aḍidda :

  • nniḥ ak nit ur nga yat ɣ ifassn
  • ɣar ihray uzaɣar ayḥ rwasn
  • wanna nɣwi ɣ taḍuṭ ar ittatf
  • amma dar lbaṛuḍ ur ak t lkimn
  • tirit gis ayḥ nɣin iṛumiyn

rriḥ :

  • iɣ awa trit lqqlda ɣ iclḥiyn
  • nttat as d ikṛm rbbi tusut nnḥ
  • add rẓmn i lfrizi f iḍariwn
  • iɣ illa zzḥam n tmɣarin wulun t
  • tiɣawsiwin yaḍn samḥ at asn

aḍidda :

  • ukklḥ rbbi f ljazayr thul anḥ
  • ɣilli d yad nḥiz iliḥ fllasn
  • ukan ar gisn ttrjun ad tn tawy
  • ẓud awḍiḍ a ḥmad ura ttkmmaln
  • yak ur ɣid ill mad aḥ asn immaln
  • ullah ar d nwwan ɣid lli ɣ sawalɣ
  • ɣar ayɣ iqqil rbbi nikki didk

rriḥ :

  • akk ur ihul ljazayr s taqqurt
  • isrs nn ugllid lḥrkat nns
  • iḍwwrḍ kullu tiḍaf i kra ṭafn
  • yili ṛṣaṣ is yugr talkumirt
  • ar akkʷ aggan aɣrab imil tasa nns
  • akal nnɣ nɣwi t n
  • g nn iwutta nns nsrs nn gis lqqyud ula inmɣarn
  • yili ljic ifrg nn inafaln
  • iwulu nn ẓayyan agʷns n tfṛṛant
  • ayt darnḥ ad nɣin alkumirn
  • ad fukkun muhrrag iɣ nn ka munn

Tanggift n tmɣra

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Tanggift tga yat twila tadlsant ilan timẓlay nns tt ismmẓlin f wanawn yaḍnin n twilawin tidlsanin, anaw ad wayna t f wanawn yaḍnin n tlɣiwin, acku nzmr ad nenna tanggift tga sg tlɣiwin tifuẓaṛin izdin d yat tmackut n tdmmawt tt nn ikkan ḍr imaziḍn sg zik, maca suln igulaz nns ar assa , anaw ad n urar igan amnsay kigan izdin d tlɣa ar ittawi gas f tnaɣa d ugṛḍ ur ar ittmun d imassn n uẓawan d uṛkaḍ ig awzḍi ad dids imun.

yiwi d udlis n “timstiyin n tmdyazt tamaziɣt” (azduud, 2011 : 217)[3] yan usnml is tga tsuɣant :

«iwaliwn n umarg lli ttinint tmḍarin ḍ tmḍra zḍ ufran ar tanggift, tga iwaliwn iqburn ur iṭṭafn bab nnsn. ar tn tettamẓ tasut f tayyaḍ, tlla gisnt tulɣa n tslit d usli d ma ad asn ran ayt darsn, illa tt iɣ tga anɛibaṛ ɣ gr ayt dars n usli d win tslit iɣ tlla tnggift ar ittmaɣ kraygat yan ad iml ma ad ifulkin ɣ dar usli d tslit. ar tettyawnna tsuɣant s llɣa d laryaḥ smurgnin ssndamnin, tili f isaffn srs iẓlin, ilint gis twlafin fulkinin f tudrt n ayt tmazirt d tmyurin nnsn ula tiwuriwin lli skarn. iwaliwn n tsuɣant d laryaḥ nns naḥyatn tamazirt s tayyaḍ…». "[4]

asnml ad isml d tanggift is tga iwaliwn n umarg, uyad isskmr fllaɣ ad nbdd f wawal ad, nssumn d is ur igi amddad. acku, g umzwaru, iqqan d ad nssn is d tibudrarin ur ar ttinint i tnggift amarg, aylli ur illin d aylli ur ttinint akk°[5].

Urar n tanggift

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  • Akid nzwur a ysm n rbbi iydabysmi lah uraḥman alḥamdu lilahaylli aylli adak ur talati
  • aɛyal trḍit akm yiwin
  • iysmḥam babam ula iymam
  • ula sul luhalt n ayt mam
  • alah ukbar ababa ḥnna
  • iys nga iysmg ayliɣ a nzaɣ
  • iys nga iysmg nḥ tiywiwin
  • iyna yam babam ataɛyalt
  • tiysura inu aylli ḥ ufus nnm
  • tiysura n baba ur tnt zriḥ
  • aylli gd aḍar nm afasi
  • a tfiɣt adam iɛrḍ lxir
  • samḥat ass ayyd ɛmtis
  • ula luhlat n ayt mas

Ar d tinin ayt uslli:

  • awid awid amas n tsliyt
  • maḥa tgat iyjujutn iylim
  • ifus ad kiɣ s uɣaras
  • iwiḥamd idukan imurn n wakuc

Ar d tinin tt istsliyt

  • yaɣ iyi umarag yaɣ iylli
  • yaɣ xtili d tmunt a ylli
  • yaɣ tiswak lli ḥa izray utbir
  • iymini aymmi ma rad zun d sul iyna
  • akid ḥ uzur ad tzrt takat niw
  • nkr ad tuḍaṭ had aman rɣan
  • bqa ɛla xir a tiknytiyn ula aɣaras
  • lli d tmunt a ylli
  • mas uwanir awiya nḥd anir
  • mas uwanir iygut lxir nns

Ar d tinin ayt uslli:

  • ṣifd atanɣ ayḍulan nns
  • ṣiyfd atanɣ yagug uɣaras
  • iyfu lḥal iyɣlid umanar
  • iyfu lḥal urunt tramin
  • tikazirin kulu mlulnin
  • ṣifd atanɣ ayḍulan nnɣ
  • nfln tazanin kulu mẓiynin
  • ɛad yikin tarwa iymɣarni

Ar d tinin tt ist tsliyt:

  • a rman bḍḍu d wakal
  • ak ur bakn tazanin

Ar d tinin ayt uslli:

  • fkat ass rḍa nun alwalidayn

Ar tinint is tt tsliyt:

  • zayd aylli adam isaḥd rbbi
  • iḍ rad tfḍ tsliyt ḍ tgmmi n babas ar tinin tt:
  • akid nzwur aysm n rbbi

Urarn n twwuri

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Itawsan ufgan ɣ umaḍal akkʷ is iga yan ɣ willi iswwurin bahra ɣ tugt n igran, gn imaziɣn yan ɣ ɣwilli istinin tawwuri ɣ wakal afad ad ddrn, ɣin aɣ isti ad ikrz imgr akal nns, iẓu urtin nns issu ayda nns s tugt n tayri d urarn, afgan ɣ aytbaha udrar itawsan s wassaɣ n ubudrar acku sutln as idurar ɣ ku tasga, afad ad bahra ifk ɣ igr n wakal issti urarn afad ad izri tizi gr as dids.

Urarn n tayrza

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  • mimi nga tiwizi mami niws
  • walli tra tasa d rbbi ad mi niws
  • i mrbbi a lbaraka ad ukan tilimt
  • a mi ttinih gʷma d walli ikrzn
  • yasi myya h unnrar ur ikabr
  • ut amt imndi s tadliwin
  • ad nmgr i ljwad ad rahan

Urar n tmgra

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  • krzayt ar nkkrz ncrk taḍult
  • awalayn ad ur tmggrm urta
  • nga tayyuga ḍ ill bahra wul nns
  • ur ak nhtajja islban ula rract
  • ahya awddi bark llah yuru lluz
  • yan dar llan uxsan att ka
  • ahya awddi bark llah yuru wargan
  • ad d nssnsḍ alamuc nssumm iẓnin

Urar n usrut

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  • wayahu
  • a munayt a lurud rwaḥt
  • hann annrar ad rrutn
  • wanna rad isrut ad d iharrw
  • a taffa n tucrka d lmut ḥrrant
  • im rbbi a lbaraka ad ukan tilimt

Idrnan

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Idrnan gan yat ɣ tmyurin lli iẓlin s tsga n sus, ar sis sfuglan ku assgʷas ɣ wayyur n tuga d ufulki, ɣin aɣ ar ttmunnt tqqbilin d twjiwin ɣ ku tasga, ar skarn yan wanaw n uɣrum lli mu gan s yism idrnan, aɣrum ad ar t skarn ɣ ugwrn d imik n tisnt d waman, ar t ssnwan ilmma, tmun fllas twja s uḥwac n tmɣarin.

urar n idrnan

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  • ẓuṛ ayt mzil bismi nkcm d d usays allaɛawn
  • a mad nufa ɣidi
  • a yajddig illan ɣ umalu n luin
  • iwa mrḥba a willi d ɣid immaqqarn
  • igit aqbil nɣ iga utmazirt
  • a rbb'a inrzafn ad darnɣ tmyurm
  • ayyur nɣ sin nɣ akkʷ imalass
  • ayyur nɣ sin uggar nẓḍaṛ as

Tafugla n usgdan

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ar akkʷ itmun ufgan ɣ aytbaha udrar irgazn ula timɣarin afad ad sfuglan s kran tɣawsa ikcmn ɣ usgdan nɣ kra iga afuẓaṛ ɣ darsn, ɣayn a far tmunan ar qqrsn i kra n tfaska mun f ugwal d urarn n usgdan d tiɣri n lquran.

urarn n usgdan :

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  • amar iẓṛan afulki d ubuḍlu xljn
  • iẓṛ tarwa wili duanin ilwalidayn
  • asaras nit fkant tulɣa i rasulu lah
  • arba cabab ur iddan f rbbi mami tunit
  • nikki buda ndda f sidi rasulu lah
  • ar bamt ayistma manik as rad nbḍu
  • abda nmun ar nadra nbi muḥmad
  • iɣli wayyur ɣlin itran igz umdlu
  • iɣli rasulu lah isfawak timizar
  • alah dax alah amla tzram alḥbab
  • imi ljnt lix atbndaqn imuhmad
  • atarumt igan tabjwt rix ad sudduḥ ar timazar an xila rasulu lah.
  • awa ulakid awa ula stin uwgdud agisn ilix adax nalḍ rasulu lah.
  • uniḥ s yisan umliln ⵒadan ugug sidi uli ulḍazi d sidi rasul ulah.
  • amar yuufan atadla lⵒbaq ad amig afus n nqrt iⵒd ugnt imuⵒmad.
  • amar yufan aymun tagut nsbaⵒ ayawi admid nzik zik ayamz aḍaras yawi slam i rasulah
  • alah .alah ar daⵒ isufu udrar n urafa
  • lala fatima d babas amard ḍin iḍli
  • arqas inu srbi saydna jbril
  • adas tini adax iufu rbbi
  • sldḥ i lbriḥ xtidad iyidsi
  • rauulu ulah ayid iḍran anmun
  • ur idunt ncrk ur idunt nmun atili usanin rbbi d rsuli
  • lḥurma id baba tunt alⵒrar atalḍamt sidi rasulu lah
  • arba yakabar idan dar nabi yan duua ⵒigi yixf nrasulu lah
  • alḥjaj awid ranin aḍaras blḍat slam inbi rasulu lah
  • alḥur yat ar iggi nunti nur n tlba nur n igramni
  • nusi tarwa nḍli d usawni nsrḍ aman ilajwa ad zalni
  • alah.alah amlad ur d lmut
  • alah.alah rbi ka ydawmni

Talɣa n Blɣnja

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Blɣnja tga yat tlɣa lli skarn imaziḍn ḍ lmɣrib afad ad yilli unẓaṛ, ar tḥyaln i yan ukuray lssn as ihdumn n twtmt , cukuntn tmḍarin d imẓyan ɣ tgira asin aman ar t n tfin f ingratsn, ar turarn ilma ar kiḍ lkmn tama n wasif mḍlntin ɣ kra n tasga gis[6]

Urar n talɣnja

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  • blɣnja, wa numn s rbbi
  • walli iẓḍaṛn ad anɣ d iɣiyt
  • s imikk n waman mmimnin
  • win wuna ur yad mmimn i.
  • blɣnja, wa numn s rbbi
  • walli iẓḍaṛn ad aɣ d iɣiyt.
  • ut, a ignna, s yan yidil n unẓaṛ !
  • wa taɣla tasbaɛayt,
  • tnna : bbaɛ tɣli d imula
  • tnna : tra iɣri zgzawn a,
  • wa taḍla d izimmr mmutnin
  • ɣ imula zgzawnin.
  • wa titrit, ṛẓm d i waman mmimnin yaḍ fad imula !
  • fkat aɣ d akkʷ tagra d inifif !
  • ad nagʷm ifṛḍ ad n waman
  • ṛẓagn aɣ ur yad mmimn i.

Aṣṛḍ n uccn

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ṭga yat ɣ tmyurin lli skarn t tmɣarin ɣ ssus akkʷ, tizi lli taln t agṛḍ nsn t s talalayt afad ad ibuɣlu ussgʷas tɣlid tuga itin ibxuyn zun d "tawka d akuz iɣrdayn.." ɣwid lli cctan tumẓin d taqayin, ar tmunan tt tùɣarin d imẓyan ɣwin aɣaras s kran tqqbilt ar turarn tt ar kiɣn flln t uccn ilma azlnd afad ad tnt ur yani yan.

urarn n uṣṛḍ n uccn:

[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
  • nṣṛḍ awn, a uccn d uɣrda
  • nṣṛḍ i tẓikkit ula abaɣuɣ
  • nṣṛḍ i buglḍif s iḥaḥan
  • ula lawḥac ad aɣ ḍṛanin
  • nṣṛḍ i lxir s darnɣ
  • amin ! nṣṛḍ i tfunasin urunin.
  • ldiyamt aḍaṛ
  • a tinbrak ! ur akkʷ nzrib ula nɣawl mani.
  • nṣṛḍ i tẓikkit ula abaɣuɣ
  • nṣṛḍ i buglḍif s iḥaḥan
  • ula lawḥac ad aɣ ḍṛanin
  • nṣṛḍ i lxir s darnɣ
  • amin ! nṣṛḍ i tfunasin urunin.
  • ldiyamt aḍaṛ
  • a tinbrak ! ur akkʷ nzrib ula nɣawl mani.
  • nṣṛḍ i wuccn d ubaḍuḍ s ayt hmman.
  • nṣṛḍ i uɣrda ula tiçikki
  • ula lawḥac ad aɣ d ur lkmn
  • uccn yan t igan
  • yanf aḍaras.
  • ad zzriɣ idaliwn n wulli

Arzzu ad, iwiɣ t id f urarn lli tiwnan ɣ ayt baha udrar , s yat tmyadast igan tamatayt da ismunn ingr tlḍiwin d trira, f sawlḍ g ifrdisn nns akkʷ, iwatsn ad tettyakz tumant ad g wudmawn nns s uynna s llan. s uyad, tamyadast tamatayt n tlḍiwin d urarn g urzzu ad lli ɣ sawlɣ f imik n wanawn acku tasga ad n aytbaha udrar ingḍ bahra ḍ tmyurin d tussna ḍayn af stiḍ ad sawlḍ f imik ḍ urarn ad, d ayt baha udrar ar ɣil ad mick n urarn ad yafuḍn awintn imzwura s ddu wakal.

Isaɣuln

[ssnfl | Snfl asagm]
  1. أوبلا ابراهيم، (2008) المرأة الأمازيغية والندية في فنون أسايس (الأطلس الصغير نموذجا) أعمال الندوة الوطنية التي نظمت يومي 26-27 يوليوز 2005، منشورات المعهد الملكي للثقافة الأمازيغية.
  2. arzzu n umasṭṛ xf usnṭl, tanggift n tbëayyimin tamyadast tamatayt n tlḍiwin d trira, mass tayib lfaqir
  3. (azduud, 2011 : 217)
  4. asuɣl n mass tayib afaqir.
  5. دغيرني أحمد 1992: (تانكيفت) ضمن كتاب تاسكلا تمازيغت : مدخل إلى الأدب الأمازيغي ، أعمال الملتقى الأول للأدب الأمازيغي المنظم يومي 17 و 18 ماي 1991 بالدار البيضاء ، منشورات الجمعية المغربية للبحث والتبادل الثقافي ، مطبعة المعارف الجديدة ، الرباط
  6. تيمسورت محند، (تدوين) 1995: أنشودة بلغنجا ، جريدة أدرار ، عدد 22