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Ayt Bn Ḥddu

Zɣ Wikipedia
Ayt Bn Ḥddu
ksar, patrimoine conservé
TamazirtLmɣrib Snfl
Asdɣr amssugurAit Zineb Snfl
Asdɣr ajɣrafiAṭlas Mqqurn Snfl
Ismlan ijɣrafiyn31°3′0″N 7°8′0″O Snfl
Statut patrimonialpatrimoine mondial, Patrimoine culturel du Maroc Snfl
Asit amaddudhttp://www.ait-ben-haddou.net:80/ Snfl
Critère du patrimoine mondial (2005)critère du patrimoine mondial (iv), critère du patrimoine mondial (v) Snfl
Carte

Ayt Bn Ḥddu nɣ Ayt Ḥddu (s tɛrabt: آيت بن حدّو) iga yan iɣrm amaziɣ yagan 30 km d Warzazat zɣ tsga n ugafa utrim, ig ɣ tgrawt n Ayt Zinb. Tettubna ɣ tsga n unẓul, lli mi ttinin tawrirt n yiɣrm, ɣ ugmmaɛ n wasif Marɣn[1], ɣ wasif n unila nna igan yan ubrid n isbbabn, izdin gr timnaɛin n tnzruft d tɣaritin n lamiditiɣani.

Iɣrm ad ittuzmmem ɣ tlgamt n wayda amaḍlan n Yunisku ɣ 1987.[2]

Amzruy

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Ansa n tɣrmt igan abrid n kullu isbbabn, yujja t ad ifalki ɣ walln n inbbaḍn nna ikkan Lmɣrib. Ar ttinin mddn mas d aṣkku amzwaru lli gis illan iga t yiɣrm n iqddarn, ɣ inbḍ yan ugldun amaziɣ uday, zɣ ɣinna ar Sus (illa ummrwas gr as d dihya)[3]. Ar ittini yan warra aqbur lli illan dar umsntam, mas d takat tamzwarut ɣ yiɣrm ittwagg f ufus n Ayt Ɛisa Uḥmad ɣ tasut tiss snat d mrawt, yurri nn s ufus n umattay «Bn Ḥddu», nna iɛyyn unbbaḍ n lmuwḥḥidin Yusf n Tacfin, afad ad ig tanagrit ɣ tmnaḍt ad, ittyussann kigan s umussu n isbbabn d imnɣan gr yiɣrman[4].

Ar ttinin middn mas tamnaḍt ad tkka ddu tnbaḍt n Burtuɣal, mac ur ujjin kra n tmatarin nnsn, aya s mind iwint tɣuriwin ittwaggn zɣ tasunt tin sa d mraw. Ɣ tasut tis mrawt d tẓa, tiɣrmt ɣas yan n tilalt imqqurn izdin gr-as d Lmxzn ɣ udɣar, igan azduɣ n kullu id bab n usugr. Ɣ lḥrkt nns tanggarut 1893-1894 ikka Ṣlṭan Ḥasan Amzwaru f tɣrmt, isli tlwat, çars s Mrrakc. Ɣinna iɛyyn gis lbaca Lglawi anbbaḍ n iffus. Lbaca ad wanita ikcm ɣ imnɣi d Ayt Wawcgiṭ, mac amulli illan gr-as d Ayt Bn Ḥddu, ur yujji ammnuɣ ad yili.

Lliɣ d tkcm Fransa, turrid tɣrm s ddu n ufus n Tthami Lglawi, lbaca ad amaynu iqqn f Ayt Bn Ḥddu, ur tn yujji ad ffɣn bṛṛa n tɣrmt, zɣ mayd tkcm Fransa, aylliɣ as ttlɣn assaɣ n «Iliy n San Micil n Iclḥiyn». Man aya ur ittyakks lliɣ tffɣ fransa, ayd aɣuln iwdan ar ttffɣn ad sskrn tiɣrmt tamaynut tama n wasif Marɣn.

anaw n uẓkka d umamk

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iẓli wanaw ad n uẓkka amɣribi f kigan yaḍn illa g tgldit n lmɣrib, d ig wanaw ad a illi imsasan d tzdugi d iskkinn n tudrt n middn n udɣar ann, imsasa wanaw ad n umamk d kṛaḍt imwuran isilann : taṭubbugṛafit, tiwal n umussu n tafukt d waḍu, d umussu n umun.

illa iɣrm f yat tawrirt, f ixf nns g illa ugadir, ssutln i tawrirt ad uzunn n tayrza. lluzzant g ugnsu nns tgʷmma zund taccṛafin, zdint ngr asnt s iswak mnuḍanin izrin d isiwan d uksar ɣ llan isskkʷfal, imsasa mayan d taṭubbugṛafit n udɣar ann. adɣar ad ifka i imzdaɣ nns kigan :

- aḥṭṭu, zund agadir ann as issutln idusn, d ugadir ɣ ḥḍan imzdaɣ ayda nnsn.

- tifawt d uzuzwu, tigʷmma n ugnsu n iɣrm ṭṭfnt maṛṛa taɣamt nnsn t g uzuzwu d tfawt n tafukt.

- ur a tt munn waman n unẓaṛ g iswak d ugnsu n taddrwin, d ar ttmunan g tgrrwin iddan s uzunn n tkrza illan f isil n tawrirt.

- amsulf abanuṛami illan zɣ kra igatt iggi d tmawin n tgʷmma.

tigʷmma rurnt udmawn nnsnt imkkuẓa s tafuyt, acku rurn t tasga s iẓẓlmḍ aminig d iẓẓlmḍ n tagut d uffus aminig d iffus n tagut. d iswak d iɣarasn izri gisn waḍu lliɣ llan f ubrid n waḍu.

Laflam lli gis ittyuswlafn

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Kigan n laflm n Marikan tawswlafn ɣ ammas n tmazirt n Lmɣrib, slawan ɣ iɣrm ad n Ayt Bn Ḥddu, zund ukan:

Ula yan muslsal ittawsan bahra iga s yism Game of Thrones d usays abrazili O Clone.

Tiwlafin

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  • Overall view of Ksar Ait Benhaddou (from across the valley).
    Overall view of Ksar Ait Benhaddou (from across the valley).
  • View of the Asif Ounila (Ounila River) next to the village.
    View of the Asif Ounila (Ounila River) next to the village.
  • A recently-constructed bridge across the river.
    A recently-constructed bridge across the river.
  • Townscape of Ait Benhaddou, seen from the river.
    Townscape of Ait Benhaddou, seen from the river.
  • Entrance to the ksar today.
    Entrance to the ksar today.
  • A kasbah (fortified structure) in the lower part of the village.
    A kasbah (fortified structure) in the lower part of the village.
  • View of the top level of the kasbah.
    View of the top level of the kasbah.
  • A typical street inside the ksar.
    A typical street inside the ksar.
  • A traditional wooden door in one of the buildings.
    A traditional wooden door in one of the buildings.
  • Remains of the agadir (fortified granary) on the hilltop.
    Remains of the agadir (fortified granary) on the hilltop.
  • Kasbah Tamdaght, an unrestored kasbah a few kilometres north of Ait Benhaddou.
    Kasbah Tamdaght, an unrestored kasbah a few kilometres north of Ait Benhaddou.
 Tẓḍart ad tẓṛt uggar f Ayt Bn Ḥddu ɣ usnfar n Commons.
  1. ↑ « Patrimoine bati national » [archive] [PDF], sur Ministère de l'Habitat et de la Politique de la ville (consulté le 21 février 2015), p. 43
  2. ↑ UNESCO Centre du patrimoine mondial, « Ksar Aït-ben-Haddou » [archive], sur UNESCO Centre du patrimoine mondial (consulté le 24 mars 2021)
  3. ↑ ICOMOS - CIAV, , ICOMOS, juin 2019 (lire en ligne [archive])
  4. ↑ Jean-François Troin, « La Route des Kasbahs [Die Strasse der Kasbahs]de Herbert Popp & Brahim El Fasskaou », Les Cahiers d’EMAM. Études sur le Monde Arabe et la Méditerranée, no 30,‎ 18 avril 2018 (ISSN 1969-248X, DOI 10.4000/emam.1453)

Tinidlisn

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  • Dictionnaire insolite du Maroc - Latéfa Faïz - Édition Cosmopole - Novembre 2011 - ISBN / 978-2-84630-064-3

= Isaɣuln

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