Timzgida n Tinml

Timzgida n Tinml
Timzgida n Tinml
ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴳⵉⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ - المسجد الأعظم بتينمل
	Tawlaft n tmzgida zɣ bṛṛa.
Addad	Ur da tswuri
Adɣar
Aḍwwaṛ	Tinml
Imsidag irakaln	30°59′5.4″N 8°13′42.1″W
Tamsdagt
Anaw	Timzgida
Tamamkt	Amuwaḥḥidi, Amɣribi, Amuri, Amslm
Amkras	Ɛabd Al Mumin
Ma s tẓli
Taṣṣumɛt	1
Amattiw	Lbrik

Tga tmzgida n Tinml nɣ Timzgida Taxatart n Tinml (illa daɣ mad as ittinin Tinmal) yat tmzgida n tasuta tis snat d mrawt, tlla ɣ yan usun ism nns ɣd nttan Tinml, ɣ Udrar n Drn ɣ Lmɣrib. Mqqar ɣ wass ad ur ar sul tswuruy zun d Tmzgid, iɣrban nns suln ar ɣil gan inagan f umzruy nns imqqurn, tsul ar dɣikk tga yan ɣ idɣarn imzrayn lli bahra ilan atig ɣ tmazirt. Tettyubna tmzgida ad ɣ udɣar lli ɣ ittumḍal Ibn Tumrt, amkras n umussu n imuwaḥḥidn. Tga tmzgida ad yan umdya axatar f tmsdagt tamwaḥdit.

Tkcm tmzgida n Tinml ɣ tlgamt n idɣarn n wayda amaḍlan n UNESCO zɣ usggʷas n 1995.^[1]

Adɣar

Tlla Tinml ɣ yat tizi taxatart ɣ utaram n idrarn n Waṭlas mqqurn ad tt igan d Tizi n Tst gr Mrrakc ɣ iẓẓlmḍ d tsga n Sus ɣ iffus. Tlla ɣ tsgiwin n idrarn n Tuggkal ɣ tsga yaḍn n wasif n Fiss lli d ittɛmmaṛn s waman akud nna iḍṛ unẓar, taggug s kra n 106 km ɣ iffus-ataram n tmdint n Mṛṛakc nɣ s kra n 55 km iffus-ataram n tmdint n Asni ɣ yat tattuyt n 1270 m ɣ ubrid n udrar R203, nna izrayn f Tizi n Tst ɣ umnid n Trudant.

Amzruy

Tkka tt inn tga tamaẓunt tamzwarut n umussu amuwaḥḥidi nna mi iga Ibn Tumrt amkras. Iṣku imḍfaṛn nns ɣid ɣ 1124 nɣ 1125, d ɣinn ad tt inn ikkan iga tasila nna ɣ d ukin imrabṭn nna inbḍn tamazirt ɣ uzmz ann.^[2]^[3] Yat tmzgida tamzwarut tettyubna ɣid ɣ uzmz ann nɣ imikk n tizi dffir.^[4] Lliɣ immut Ibn Tumrt ɣ 1130, ittumḍal ɣinn, skrn middn g umḍl nns zun d kra n ḍḍariḥ asgdan d udɣar n lḥajj ḍaṛt mayad.^[5] Ɛabd Al Mumin, lli d iɣʷin anbaḍ n imuwaḥḥidn ḍaṛt n tmttant n Ibn Tumrt, iɣts ad ibnu yat tmzgida tamaynut ɣ tama nɣ iggi n udɣar ad ɣ 1148, mk lli s ittyura s usddid ɣ warratn iqburn n uzmz ann^[4]^[6]. Mqqar asakud n usadur n 1153-1154 lli ifka Rawḍ Al Qiṛṭas tsul tettubdar dar kigan.^[2]^[7]^[8] Timzgida tamaynut irwas is tumẓ adɣar n Timzgid lli tt inn ɣid ikkan^[5]^[6].

Tamsdagt

Bṛṛa

Trwas tuṣka ad ɣ bṛṛa nns kra n ugadir nɣ kra n tiɣrmt s iɣʷrban nns iḍnin ifrarn, anaw ad tẓli sis tamsdagt tamuwaḥḥidt, ar t nttafa ɣ tugt n tmzgadiwin nnsn. Tṭṭaf tuṣka ad yan uɣawas n tisfrin, yaẓ i ukuẓdis, gis 43 f 40 id mitru.^[6] Yat tmẓlit nna s tẓli timzgid ad tga tt talɣa d waddud n tṣṣumɛt illan ɣ tuẓẓumt n uɣʷrab nns n yiffus ɣ yixf n tlimamt ; tamẓlit ad n usugn ur da tt nttafa ɣ tmzgadiwin timzrayin.^[6] Tṭṭaf tṣṣumɛt yat tsila igan tunziɣant lli d ittffuɣn s bṛṛa zɣ uɣrab n bṛṛa lli lli as issutln, mac dars yat tfrist ibbin niɣ ur ikmmln, g unmgal da nttafa tiṣṣumɛin yaḍnin n imuwaḥḥidn mqqurnt, zurnt (zun d taṣṣumɛt n Kutubiyya g Mrrakc d Giralda g Icbilya). Timzgida gis sa n ikccumn: kraḍ ɣ tsga n lqblt d tggut d yan ukccum anammas ɣ iẓẓlmḍ.

Agʷns

G ugʷns, timzgid ad dars yan unmala n igjda azurtan s yan usarag agnsan. Tadala n tẓallit tadslant tettubḍa f tẓa n id ṣaḥn (s tnglizt: Nave) (imikk zɣ tsga n iẓẓlmḍ ar iffus) s idrasn n tskiwin s uzzal n wayyis ifrsn.

Taskla

Christian Ewert, Jens-Peter Wisshak: Die Moschee von Tinmal. (Deutsches Archäologisches Institut Madrid. Madrider Beiträge, 10) Zabern, Darmstadt 1985, ISBN 978-3-8053-0743-7.
Arnold Betten: Marokko. Antike, Berbertraditionen und Islam – Geschichte, Kunst und Kultur im Maghreb. DuMont, Ostfildern 2012, S. 254ff. ISBN 978-3-7701-3935-4.
Basset, H. et Terrasse, H. “Sanctuaires et forteresses almohades”, in Hespéris, 1924, pp. 9-91.
Marçais, G., L'architecture musulmane d'Occident, Paris, 1954, pp. 201-202.
Triki, H., Hassar-Benslimane, J., Touri, A., Tinmel, l'épopée almohade, Casablanca, 1992.

Ɣr uggar

Amgrad isawaln f Tinmal – Tiwlafin + Umlan (tanglizit)
Amgrad isawaln f Tinmal – Umlan + Tiwlafin (tanglizit)
Tiwlafin n tmzgida n Tinmal (talimant)
Amgrad ifulkin f tmzgida n Tinml – Tiwlafin + Umlan (tanglizit)

Tisaɣulin

↑ Mosquée de Tinmel - UNESCO
↑ ^a et ^b Bennison, Amira K. (2016). The Almoravid and Almohad Empires. Edinburgh University Press
↑ Abun-Nasr, Jamil (1987). A history of the Maghrib in the Islamic period. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 89–90, 106. ISBN 0521337674.
↑ ^a et ^b Salmon, Xavier (2018). Maroc Almoravide et Almohade: Architecture et décors au temps des conquérants, 1055-1269. Paris: LienArt
↑ ^a et ^b Lakhdar, Kamal. "Tinmel Mosque". Discover Islamic Art, Museum With No Frontiers. Retrieved November 14, 2020
↑ ^a ^b ^c et ^d Bloom, Jonathan M. (2020). Architecture of the Islamic West: North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, 700–1800. Yale University Press. pp. 123–127
↑ Dodds, Jerrilynn D., ed. (1992). Al-Andalus: The Art of Islamic Spain. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 87–93. ISBN 0870996371.
↑ "Qantara - The Tinmel Mosque". www.qantara-med.org. Retrieved 2020-11-15.

Taɣrma

[1] Mosquée de Tinmel - UNESCO

[:0-2] t ^b Bennison, Amira K. (2016). The Almoravid and Almohad Empires. Edinburgh University Press

[3] Abun-Nasr, Jamil (1987). A history of the Maghrib in the Islamic period. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 89–90, 106. ISBN 0521337674.

[:1-4] t ^b Salmon, Xavier (2018). Maroc Almoravide et Almohade: Architecture et décors au temps des conquérants, 1055-1269. Paris: LienArt

[:2-5] t ^b Lakhdar, Kamal. "Tinmel Mosque". Discover Islamic Art, Museum With No Frontiers. Retrieved November 14, 2020

[:3-6] t ^d Bloom, Jonathan M. (2020). Architecture of the Islamic West: North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, 700–1800. Yale University Press. pp. 123–127

[7] Dodds, Jerrilynn D., ed. (1992). Al-Andalus: The Art of Islamic Spain. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 87–93. ISBN 0870996371.

[8] "Qantara - The Tinmel Mosque". www.qantara-med.org. Retrieved 2020-11-15.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]